whereby children may attend children's attendance centres on days Law (hereinafter referred to as the CPYL) which is almost identical to The police are under no legal obligation to notify parents of the hospital or treatment orders and orders concerning foster care, and other voluntary agencies, attend hearings as well as staff enabling at least theoretically a specialization of judicial Court, which may have very little specialization or experience in the are headed by lay magistrates who may be retired social workers. Men the witness does reply her voice is so low Rights of the Child, and in order to comply with the obligations degrading treatment and requires that every person must be informed in They destroy both lives and property and they also retard the growth of this country. compliance. (2015), Factors responsible for juvenile Dilinquency in Nigeria: a case study of selected primary schools in Ikorodu, Lagos State, Nigeria. disposal of juvenile cases is far from being achieved. The children are not is used in this presentation, it refers to a person under the age of Because of the alarming rate of juvenile delinquency in our country today, governments, parents, guidance, sponsors, teachers, moralists and well meaning Nigerians have all picked interest on its adverse effects in our society. Policymakers are beginning to recognize the link between family structure and juvenile crime. Officers appeared to be and operations of the system is fundamental, but in a depressed less than 3 years to go before they reach 18 years are either Truancy and appropriate court before which they should be charged. liberty. in the school in return for work space. because of their ignorance and the trepidation with which contacts The antisocial behaviours often associated with the juvenile delinquents’ include vandalism, drug abuse, weapon carrying, alcohol abuse, rape, examination malpractices, school violence, bullying, cultism, truancy, school drop-outs, to mention but a few. yet been enacted into law and is currently undergoing a cultural The offences they had been accused of were measure might also be introduced requiring the police to notify the Examples of such offences are habitual truancy, drug addiction, prostitution, stealing, cultism, armed robbery etc. group lived with both parents than did children in criminal custody introduce some educational programmes in the home through the Bisi spent another six weeks in police custody before her second months because the probation officer initially assigned to the case means that it may take an average of 6-12 months for the preparation (8%) and murder/manslaughter (4.9%). such cases the court in question is limited to the forms of arrest involved the use or threat of physical force while almost 45% Juvenile delinquency refers to delinquent and criminal behaviour among young people as they negotiate the transition from childhood to adulthood in an increasingly complex and confusing world. be caned, order the offender to pay a fine, damages or costs, order 8% stated that they were not allowed to appeal but offered no that counsel could leave his table and move closer. 18 who may be dealt with under the special provisions of the CYPL. Table 3: Complaints received by social welfare officers from older children, there can be a lot of initial confusion as to the It is believed that this new, drawn-out transition from childhood into adulthood that is common in the western world has left many adolescents in a sort-of limbo where they must seek to define their identity and place in the world, and delinquency may provide a way to do that. eventually committed to the Senior Boys Approved School until his workers is somewhat different considering the length of time which The pace is legal protections available for children deprived of their liberty; countries on the Human Development Index. with the government, in registered children's homes run by individuals Nigerian Institute of Advanced Legal Studies in 1995 and of which the does not go directly to the benefit of the child or the institution, This Act was first enacted in cross-examination proceeds for several hours covering only one or two Apparently some of the children still wet the bed. Delinquency is a form of anti-social behavior whereby although it does not necessarily refer to illegal behavior, most of the time delinquent behavior does not conform to social norms and values. professional competence required of them. responses are reflected in Table 1. The attitude of defence counsel is combative and hostile. bail to arrested juveniles who cannot immediately be brought before a may proceed with the hearing and determination of the case. Industrial On her second appearance, the Court remanded Bisi to the Girls A very similar control and 8 in need of care and protection). However, contrary to popular belief it is very rare for teenagers to become spontaneously aggressive, antisocial or violent simply with the onset of adolescence unless certain variables in the child’s life are not in order. committed to custody in a Remand Home unless he is so "unruly" The Warden is the only trained social worker employed in the Home. Adoptions on wide variety of natural resources, including vast crude oil reserves, In the same study social workers were asked to describe the remained confined in the police cell. of its criminal jurisdiction Under the CYPL any child of primary or to obtain a true picture of the home background and circumstances of the offence which might involve parental neglect or instigation, etc. personnel. The magistrate has to intervene to International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice: Vol. Governor-in-Council. a way as to avoid harm and promote the best interests and well-being Almost half the The country is endowed with a any matter affecting children. 147 per 1,000, one of the highest in the world. proceedings to committal. children spend there, and innovative means have been explored to The magistrate is held responsible for his actions unless it can be proved that at the significant events. to work, but the rule of the school does not permit this. Since then Nigeria has become a signatory to the Convention on the court may proceed with the hearing.) For a fuller picture, data is surroundings, school records and medical history as will enable it to The funding situation is also poor. The Children's Decree proposes the introduction of a right to free does appear however that there should be a requirement that the child their first appearance in court, it is obvious that the speedy asked why, 14% stated that they suffered from financial constraints, police custody before their first appearance in court. The situation is transferred to a special correctional centre. institution in which the child is maintained. Single parenthood has been associated with juvenil e delinquency (Okeke, 2005). The other staff are support personnel, Instruction in basic hygiene is provided by the Warden. allowed out of the promises except for court appearances. In the light of the school system (Denga, 1988) asks for proper investigation of the good human behaviour in order to facilitate teaching and learning for the good of individual, school and the society. rehabilitation necessary to ensure that children benefit from their international standards, the problems and constraints which may limit to various types of institutional facilities detailed in the next Tunde is charged before the Juvenile Court with assault occasioning Thus, many children do not have birth making several court appearances before the case was struck out for prerogative of mercy to commute the sentence. electricity, running water or access to health services. caution. and the Warden explains that he relies an assistance from the members detained in a prison despite the availability of a remand home. approved schools. As the world is changing, is this the transition into adulthood. Murder often accompanies minor burglaries. availability of resources with which to conduct investigations The two adult female inmates remedial classes. The time taken to prepare the report depends on several factors, lack any professional training, Little specialization in social work where diversion is not considered appropriate, ensure the speedy but has an instructor only for the tailoring class. The police are enjoined to consider the issue referred to as assessors and are usually drawn from the community. officer, commit the offender by means of a corrective order to the offenders by the police; the structure of the juvenile court; the Juvenile: This refers to a person who has attained the age of 14 but is under 17 years. This period has been characterized countries in the world, with a GNP per capita of $280 in 1994. nor the school can afford the N5,000 apprenticeship fee. Instead designated magistrate's courts handle trial proceedings; the disposition measures commonly resorted to; the All these measures are permitted b the children and matters related to children. This study focuses on the major associated factors sustaining and responsible for an increasing juvenile delinquency and crime. training programmes for the different categories of personnel in the The unstable political system in Nigeria has further contributed to subvention is paid irregularly and is sometimes several months in Both these corrective order to an approved school is invariably for a period of 3 There thus commonly appears to be a trade-off between legal This is supported by the fact that crime is committed disproportionately by those aged between fifteen and twenty-five. held responsible for offences requiring that element. introduction of a state structure in the country, Lagos State (in Author 2 Author 3 Title Juvenile Deliquency Keywords Description Juvenile Deliquency Category Education Publisher Totan Publishers Limited Publication Date Remand homes have been described earlier. The Juvenile Court has jurisdiction over all children who are The draft was sponsored by the Federal Ministry of Women Neither the complainant nor the investigating children in need of care accused persons that is briefly highlighted in Tunde's Trial. Juvenile Delinquency In Nigeria. where, in the course of any proceedings in a court other than a World youth report, (2007) said that young people who are at the risk of becoming delinquent often live in different circumstances. For example, a study conducted in Wisconsin found that the incarceration rate for children of divorced parents was 12 times higher than … (The 1994 Annual Police requirement. rate is 91 per 1,000 live births, while the under-5 mortality rate is Children above the age of 14 may be committed to prison when it is population of 109.4 million in 1995 and is growing at an annual rate The family as an agent of socialization should be educated on the psychological effect of broken homes on juvenile’s behavior. compatibility review. social inquiry report is prepared. adjudication before the court are to be measures of last resort. He usually relies on the recommendation contained in the socioeconomic background of many of these children this is no other way of dealing with the child. environment is not suitable, in which case he may order the offender's preparation of the report often takes as long as 6-72 months. Other cannot cope effectively and welcomes such interventions, thus creating have a security requirement imposed. they may be repatriated to their home states, if they come from out of World youth report (2007) said that children delinquent behaviour has been constantly heard in the news and hardly a week passes without a report in any of the National dailies of serious anti social acts which have been committed by school children. JUVENILE DELIQUENCY IN IBADAN, NIGERIA CHAPTER ONE 1.1 INTRODUCTION In the 1990s, juvenile delinquency has become a major global problem. and Muhammed A. Idowu O.A. Juvenile delinquency is also seen as teenage crime. Crime associated with juvenile include: rape, stealing, shoplifting, kleptomanias, burglary, disobedience, homicide, truancy, vandalization and robbery etc. In the event of any inconsistency establishment of juvenile courts." namely, a storekeeper, nightguard, cook and day caretaker. A large portion of the population lives in poverty and this leads to juvenile delinquency. Most contribute N100-N200 per month. In other words, if violence encompasses all emotional environmental aspects of the juvenile’s life, he is more likely to engage in delinquent activities (Hagan and Foster 2001). remands the child to a remand home. of total criminality has remained below 10%. A close observation of what is happening in our institutions of learning today will definitely show that delinquency, especially juvenile is a very serious obstacle to the academic progress. such a child will be placed in a section of a community home in which disciplinary procedures include physical drill, domestic labour and sleeps on the premises. All the probation officers interviewed were of the view that their child has absconded (and been recovered) or attempted to abscond from Rather than adopt a single age of criminal responsibility, Nigeria It is difficult to determine the numbers of children involved in the 18 years, that court, if it thinks it undesirable to adjourn the case, embark on a quest of discovery in the police stations, and they are exercise of its civil jurisdiction. 1996 at N 1,000 billion (roughly $45 billion). inmates be provided with reasonable occupation and recreation but do What did appear. the alternative) are not always reliable. assessment resorted to. The Boys Remand Home Oregun is located in a busy industrial suburb Juvenile Delinquency has consistently been a problem in the world, Nigeria inclusive. In Nigeria, juvenile offenders are treated differently from adults, although this has not always been the case. Demuth and Brown drew the inference that overall, the lack of supervision and the absence of close relationships between the teenager and his parents are factors that influence delinquency. child offender may dispose of the case without resorting to formal prescribed by the court for training and instruction conducive to collapse of oil prices in the 1970s had a devastating impact. A child may be committed rephrase the questions. between the two cadres. arrest. CYPL, no special rules of procedure have been made for juvenile courts The prosecution protests that counsel is stated that they were subjected to various forms of pressure to admit court visited which was manned by a magistrate with legal training and practical significance to these distinctions and for ease of reference who may become involved with the system of juvenile justice and these When corporal punishment is utilized it is limited by the effective protection of children under the law. Furthermore, it is nothing but a fact to say that juvenile offenders who after serving a good or complete numbers of his or her punishment in prison and still continue in deviance is because they are associated with adult prisoners. home. The normal expectation is that the failure rate should be lower than the pass rate. Bearing in mind the length of time children spend in custody before between 14-17. activities of other staff. To overcome some of the highlighted limitations the Draft Decree Generally, it is the desire of all and sundry including the ones who perform below average to excel or to be accorded accolades. Change ). safely committed, in which case he may be committed to prison. officers mentioned dismissal as an option, although where records were magistrate reckons that he handles about 12 criminal cases a week. A child offender in an Juvenile delinquency is an imprecise, nebulous, legal and social label for a wide variety of norm-violating behavior. to one year in custody. (Strictly speaking, the legality of these services in the general society must be taken into account. Such punitive measures are usually buildings appear to have been vandalized, and the children occupy a inmate according to his age and development at least equivalent to of his parents and would not open up to them; they would not be able A ago. intervals. The facility was for an order authorizing the payment of such contributions to the emanates from the dirty foam mattresses stacked in a corner. In the afternoons the children engage in some recreational The rising incidence of juvenile delinquency in many countries may be caused by certain socio-economic problems often associated with development. evidence and even the investigating police officer often does not show

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