As a result, Athens has more than a dozen archaeological libraries and three specialized archaeological laboratories, and is the venue of several hundred specialized lectures, conferences and seminars, as well as dozens of archaeological exhibitions, each year. Piraeus also forms a significant city centre on its own,[78] within the Athens Urban Area and it is the second largest in population size within it, with Peristeri, Kallithea and Kypseli following. The Athens commuter rail service, referred to as the "Proastiakós", connects Eleftherios Venizelos International Airport to the city of Kiato, 106 km (66 mi)[130] west of Athens, via Larissa station, the city's central rail station and the port of Piraeus. Located on Panepistimiou Street, the old campus of the University of Athens, the National Library, and the Athens Academy form the "Athens Trilogy" built in the mid-19th century. [24][25] Cecrops accepted this gift[24] and declared Athena the patron goddess of Athens. Athens Polytechnic uprising,[145] against the military junta that ruled the nation from 21 April 1967 until 23 July 1974. [20], In Ancient Greek, the name of the city was Ἀθῆναι (Athênai, pronounced [atʰɛ̂ːnai̯] in Classical Attic) a plural. The Kifisós River, only a trickle in summer, flows through the western half; the Ilisós River, often dry, traverses the eastern half. Casinos operate on both Mount Parnitha, some 25 km (16 mi)[77] from downtown Athens (accessible by car or cable car), and the nearby town of Loutraki (accessible by car via the Athens – Corinth National Highway, or the suburban rail service Proastiakos). Many of Classical civilization’s intellectual and artistic ideas originated there, and the city is generally considered to be the birthplace of Western civilization. The oldest known human presence in Athens is the Cave of Schist, which has been dated to between the 11th and 7th millennia BC. The length of Athens's commuter rail network extends to 120 km (75 mi),[130] and is expected to stretch to 281 km (175 mi) by 2010. The Roman Agora and the Gate of Athena in Plaka district. The Athens Mass Transit System consists of a large bus fleet, a trolleybus fleet that mainly serves Athens's city center, the city's Metro, a Proastiakos service[121] and a tram network, connecting the southern suburbs to the City Centre. : καντάδα) and the songs performed on stage (επιθεωρησιακά τραγούδια 'theatrical revue songs') in revues, musical comedies, operettas and nocturnes that were dominating Athens' theatre scene. The Athens area encompasses a variety of terrain, notably hills and mountains rising around the city, and the capital is the only major city in Europe to be bisected by a mountain range. Some of them are PAO Rouf (Rouf) with earlier presence in Gamma Ethniki, Petralona F.C. It has been continuously inhabited for the past 4,500 years, with a recorded history spanning about 3,400 years. Athens is built around a number of hills. The 2004 Olympic Games were described as Unforgettable, dream Games, by IOC President Jacques Rogge for their return to the birthplace of the Olympics, and for meeting the challenges of holding the Olympic Games. A center for the arts, learning and philosophy, home of Plato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum,[6][7] it is widely referred to as the cradle of Western civilization and the birthplace of democracy,[8][9] largely because of its cultural and political impact on the European continent, and in particular the Romans. by Paul Antonopoulos. (2001). Our site offers a virtual tour in athens city & tourist information such as accommodation, restaraunts, photos, 360 pictures and videos & more. Localities with a great number of such buildings include Kolonaki, and some areas of the centre of the city; neighbourhoods developed in this period include Kypseli.[148]. The National Garden of Athens was completed in 1840 and is a green refuge of 15.5 hectares in the centre of the Greek capital. 201–216. The airport accommodates 65 landings and take-offs per hour,[134] with its 24-passenger boarding bridges,[134] 144 check-in counters and broader 150,000 m2 (1,614,587 sq ft) main terminal;[134] and a commercial area of 7,000 m2 (75,347 sq ft) which includes cafés, duty-free shops,[135] and a small museum. [127] The Athens Metro runs three metro lines, namely the line 1 (Green Line), line 2 (Red Line) and line 3 (Blue Line) lines, of which the first was constructed However, this did not prevent Athens from being captured and sacked twice by the Persians within one year, after a heroic but ultimately failed resistance at Thermopylae by Spartans and other Greeks led by King Leonidas,[35] after both Boeotia and Attica fell to the Persians. 'E mykenaïke akropolis ton Athenon'. [131] The network runs from Syntagma Square to the southwestern suburb of Palaio Faliro, where the line splits in two branches; the first runs along the Athens coastline toward the southern suburb of Voula, while the other heads toward Neo Faliro. Ludwig von Döderlein proposed the stem of the verb θάω, stem θη- (tháō, thē-, "to suck") to denote Athens as having fertile soil. and Katsoulis B.D. Christmas in Athens is beyond magical. 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